¿Cómo optimizar la arquitectura de un bot usando servicios y controladores?

Implementing a scalable bot using an organized architecture is essential to manage its growth and adaptability to new services. In this approach, the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture is applied, dividing the project into specific components to ensure clarity and facilitate smooth future enhancements.

Why is it important to divide the code into modules?

Keeping all the logic in a single file might work for small projects, but as an application grows, it becomes unsustainable. Splitting the code allows:

• Scalability: it makes it easy to add functions without affecting the stability of the system.
• Maintainability: Isolating each function allows identifying and fixing bugs faster.
• Collaboration: Allows multiple developers to work in different areas without interfering with each other.

How is the bot structure organized?

The project structure is divided into specific folders, located in a main folder called src, each one fulfilling a particular function:

• config: Centralizes the configuration of environment variables so that they can be reused throughout the application without duplication.
• controllers: In charge of receiving and handling incoming and outgoing requests. Here is located the webhook controller, responsible for managing Meta messages and Webhub routes.
• routes: Defines the specific routes that the application will serve using Express.
• services: Contains essential services, such as Message Handle and WhatsApp Service, which manage and send messages to the WhatsApp API.

What role do webhooks play in this configuration?

The webhooks, configured in the webhub controller file, handle POST and GET requests on the specified paths(/webhub). This controller allows:

• Validate that the server is correctly connected to Meta.
• Filter incoming messages according to their type and decide the corresponding actions (e.g., replicate or mark as read).

What does the WhatsApp Service class provide?

The WhatsApp Service class manages message sending and direct interaction with the WhatsApp API, which allows:

• Send automatic replies depending on the type of message received.
• Mark messages as read after replying, improving the user experience.

How does this architecture contribute to teamwork?

Modularization allows developers to work on specific components without interfering with others. This structure optimizes performance, avoids errors due to simultaneous code changes and ensures that future developments are implemented efficiently.

How is application initialization handled?

The App.js file centralizes the general configuration of the application, including:

• Setting environment variables and Webhub paths.
• Initialization of the server, leaving the request handling logic to the controllers and services.