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How to create production-ready Docker images?

The path to creating robust and efficient Docker images for production environments is full of essential practices that not only optimize performance, but also security. With experience comes the ability to integrate these practices naturally, ensuring that your images meet production expectations.

Why use official Docker images?

When starting to build our images, the choice of base is critical. Using official Docker images is a best practice, as these images have been constantly reviewed and updated to ensure reliability. In addition, by choosing among the official images available on Docker Hub, you are opting for a more secure and optimized option. Although images from public and community repositories may seem appealing, prioritizing official ones ensures a reliable foundation.

What to consider when selecting an image tag?

A common mistake when working with base images is to opt for the "latest" tag, which is the most recent and, potentially, unstable. It is preferable to choose a specific version, such as "ubuntu:20.04", so that the behavior of your project is predictable and stable. This is crucial to avoid problems that may arise due to sudden changes in the base image.

Why choose minimal images like Alpine?

With time and practice, you will realize the importance of working with lightweight images. An example of this is Alpine images, which weigh only about five megabytes. This reduction in size contributes to rapid deployment and optimization of storage space. However, it is essential not to sacrifice performance for lightness. Prioritize image performance over size to ensure your Docker project is scalable and efficient.

What are the advantages of Multi Stage Builds?

Using Multi Stage Builds facilitates the creation of more organized and efficient Dockerfiles. This technique allows you to separate the build stages, reducing the final size of the image by including only the components needed for the production environment. A clear Dockerfile not only benefits its creator, but also the entire team that interacts with it, favoring collaboration and maintenance.

How to manage storage and unnecessary files in Docker?

It is essential to keep your Docker environment clean by using the magic word prune, which removes unnecessary files and caches freeing up valuable space on your hard drive. Performing this maintenance on a regular basis as you use Docker will prevent the accumulation of unusable data and optimize your computer's resources.

docker system prune

This command line will help you clean up not only images and containers that are not in use, but also volumes, networks, and other elements of the Docker system.

Why is it important to create users within Docker?

By default, Docker images are created with the root user, which presents security risks. Creating and using a user with minimal permissions within your Dockerfile is a preventative measure that reduces privileges to what is strictly necessary. This not only improves system security but establishes a more controlled and manageable environment.

RUN adduser -D myuserUSER myuser

Implementing these practices will strengthen your Docker projects, making them easier to deploy in both cloud and on-premise environments. Strengthening security, improving code organization and optimizing resources are key strategies for successful container management and deployment. Continue to explore and hone your Docker skills to ensure that every step you take brings you closer to your career goals!