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23 Hrs
55 Min
10 Seg

Values

3/14
Resources

Cultural values are the beating heart of every society, defining how we think, act and relate to others. Understanding these differences is critical to navigating an increasingly interconnected world, where multicultural interactions are part of our daily lives.

What are the main values that define cultures?

The richness of cultural diversity is manifested through nine fundamental values that help us better understand different societies and their characteristic behaviors.

How is individualism manifested against collectivism?

Individualism prioritizes the "I" and personal achievements, while collectivism values the "we" and family ties. This duality profoundly marks the way people:

  • Make decisions
  • Establish relationships
  • Define success

What role does distance from power play?

Distance from power manifests itself in two extremes:

  • High distance: societies with marked hierarchies and limited social mobility.
  • Low distance: cultures where equality prevails and social mobility is possible.

Why is the attitude towards uncertainty important?

Cultures show different approaches to uncertainty:

  • Weak avoidance: flexibility to rules and comfort with ambiguity.
  • Strong avoidance: preference for written agreements and resistance to change

How does time orientation influence cultures?

What characterizes cultures according to their view of time?

  • Future orientation: focus on saving, investing and planning
  • Orientation to the present: emphasis on the present moment and immediate experience

What is the impact of gender equality?

Societies are distinguished by:

  • Low equality: traditional gender roles and limited opportunities for women.
  • High equality: equitable access to opportunities and leadership roles

What other values define cultural differences?

How does human orientation manifest itself?

  • High orientation: emphasis on altruism and mutual aid
  • Low orientation: focus on independence and individual autonomy

What role do indulgence and restraint play?

These characteristics define how cultures approach pleasure and gratification:

  • Indulgent cultures: immediate enjoyment and pleasure seeking.
  • Restraining cultures: deferred gratification and emphasis on effort

Understanding these cultural values allows us to develop a broader and more respectful perspective of human diversity, avoiding simplistic stereotypes and recognizing that each culture has its own unique strengths and characteristics that enrich our overall experience.

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Valores
Los valores son la característica central de las culturas, formando diferencias tangibles entre las mismas. Las siguientes clasificaciones no podrían ser aplicadas directamente a cualquier grupo como si fueran los grupos siempre homogéneos o no existieran excepciones; sin embargo estos estereotipos funcionan como aproximación a las diferencias culturales:
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Algunos tipos de diferencias
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  • Individualismo vs. Colectivismo: de acuerdo a la preponderancia que le dan al individuo por sobre la comunidad o viceversa
  • Distancia de poderes: la medida en que una persona puede moverse entre clases sociales (por ejemplo en India se manejan con castas y es muy difícil)
  • Escape de la incertidumbre: cuando es débil, las personas están acostumbradas a este tipo de situaciones y por eso se sienten más tranquilas. Cuando es fuerte, las personas entran en pánico.
  • Orientación hacia el tiempo: futuristas vs. cortoplacistas, o el disfrute del momento presente vs. la planificación inteligente del futuro
  • Igualdad de género: típicamente las culturas son machistas, pero existen culturas pro-igualdad de género
  • Asertividad: es parecido al individualismo vs. colectivismo, es más bien cómo el grupo social ve y siente la competencia vs. la cooperación
  • Ser vs. Hacer: culturas que sienten que tienen control de sus vidas, emprendedoras, vs. culturas que son más observadoras, buscan entender y apreciar el mundo
  • Orientación humana: de acuerdo a las actividades de tipo altruista que realicen, si prestan ayuda, etc.
  • Indulgencia vs. Restricciones: culturas donde el placer tiene un valor muy grande, mientras que en otras es más sacrificial

Wonderful class! I’m gonna have my guess here around argentinian culture, which is where I come from. Disclaimer: this “argentinian culture” is not as the name suggests. In fact, it will be referring to rioplatense culture, which belongs to central-eastern part of the country (with a massive popularity where half of the Argentina’s population do actually live), plus Uruguay’s culture. Argentina is the 8th biggest country by territory of the world and has so many other cultures through its vast land, but most popular one is the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area’s culture: a small portion of the country’s land that includes capital city and it’s the responsible of an extreme centralization in so many ways of the country, including culture. Disclaimer 2: I’m gonna answer based on this “porteño” (that’s how you call a Buenos Aires citizen) stereotipe.
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My guess

  • Individualism vs. Collectivism: maybe the easiest of all the answers. The argentine may show kindness but it will always look first for its own benefit.
  • Power Distance: I think this is a global problem. Argentina, specifically, has really strong corruption, economic and poverty problems. I would say average tending to bad.
  • Uncertainty avoidance: we BREATH uncertainty. If you can execute a 10 year plan in this country you would receive a Nobel Prize. And maybe we can bet on 5 years.
  • Time Orientation: connected to previous answer, argentinian will prioritize present moment. You will never know when was the last time you did something that way. Poor financial education, average argentinian doesn’t even save money.
  • Gender egalitarianism: finally, a point to the country. Strong sense of egalitarianism.
  • Assertiveness: stereotipe tends to draw a tipical argentinian as a lazy person, even an extremely-creative-to-lazyness person. Competition is typically seen as a bad thing. Having money? Sure, they bet you scam someone, if not the whole country.
  • Being vs. Doing: tough answer. We’re passionate. I would say we do things. We go forward in spite of thousands of difficulties
  • Human Orientation: really strong here, again.
  • INDULGENCE. no further comments. xD

Values are the central feature in any culture. They shape tangible cultural differences.
 

  1. Individualism vs. Collectivism
  2. Power distance
  3. Uncertainty avoidance
  4. Orientation to time
  5. Gender egalitarianism
  6. Assertiveness: cooperation is most important that competition.
  7. Being vs Doing
  8. Human Orientation: Everyone is important. Altruism.
  9. Indulgence vs. Restraint

I love Buddhism. They are always treating the universal consciousness and they have many deities depending on whether they are Tantric, or Japanese.

me gustaria estar en el nivel omniplex

All the issues that we can prevent by opening ourselves and understanding the values in cultures. Super important and informative. Love this class!

🫴🏽🫴🏽

Values

  • Individualism vs collectivism
  • Power distance
  • Uncertainty avoidance
  • Orientation to time
  • Gender egalitarianism
  • Assertiveness
  • Being and Doing
  • Human orientation
  • Indulgence vs Restraint
  • Individualism vs Collectivism.
  • High power distance vs Low power distance.
  • Weak uncertainty avoidance vs strong uncertainty avoidance.
  • Short term oriented vs future oriented cultures (long term oriented).
  • High gender egalitarian cultures vs. Low gender egalitarian cultures.
  • High assertiveness vs low assertiveness.
  • Being (understand the world) vs doing (entrepreneurial spirit)
  • Strong human orientation (social, helpers) vs weak human orientation (independent, not helpers).
  • Indulgence (hedonist) vs Restraint (pleasure must be earn)

En mi experiencia personal viviendo en un pueblo de México puedo identificar las siguientes caracteristicas de la cultura de mi región:

  • Colectivismo: Principalmente familiar, aquí las personas se apoyan pero solo entre familias.

  • Distancia de poderes: Esta es una parte curiosamente muy meritocrática. A pesar de ser una región con poco dinero, uno puede crecer su clase social y poder político si así lo desea pues hay muchas oportunidades para crecer incluso de la nada.

  • Escape de la incertidumbre: La incertidumbre es algo de lo que se escapa con el uso de alcohol. Existe mucho alcoholismo en esta región.

  • Orientación del tiempo: Considero que esta es una parte muy equilibrada, pues a pesar de que muchos viven pensando en el corto plazo, tambien planifican para el largo plazo.

  • Igualdad de genero: Sociedad machista pero esta cambiando lentamente hacia una sociedad más igualitaria.

  • Asertividad: Existe un sentimiento fuerte de competitividad y asertividad, uno debe demostrar que es capaz y valerse por si mismo a pesar de poder contar con apoyo familiar.

  • Hacer: Lo importante es lo que haces, se podria decir que es una cultura de trabajo.

  • Orientación humana: Altruista, mayormente por temas religiosos. Las personas buscan ayuda a otros y estan dispuestos a dar la mano a quien lo necesite.

  • Indulgencia: Las fiestas, festividades y celebraciones son sumamente importantes. Casi todo el año hay celebraciones de todo tipo.

Gracias

Thanks!