Creación y delegación de privilegios en sistemas operativos

How are privileges managed in Linux?

Privilege management in operating systems is key to ensure the security of information and operations. In Linux, the permission system follows a numerical model that facilitates the assignment of specific rights to users, groups and other non-categorized users. This system uses numbers from 0 to 7 to represent combinations of permissions, including execute, read and write.

What do the numbers in Linux permissions mean?

• 0: No permissions (binary 000).
• 1: Execute permission (binary 001).
• 2: Write permission (binary 010).
• 3: Execute and Write (binary 011).
• 4: Read (binary 100).
• 5: Read and execute (binary 101).
• 6: Read and write (binary 110).
• 7: All permissions (binary 111).

How to view and modify permissions in Linux?

Using the command prompt, users can inspect and adjust privileges for different files and directories. When using the ls -l command, the system displays details about file types, extension usages and assigned permissions through letter symbology.

$ ls -l

To change permissions, the chmod command is used, which allows you to assign specific permissions to different users and groups:

$ chmod 700 file.txt

How are permissions handled for different groups?

Linux organizes permissions in three groups:

1. User owner: Permissions specific to the owner of the file.
2. User group: Set of users with specific rights on files.
3. Rest of users: Users that do not fall into the previous two categories.

For example, with chmod 700, all permissions are granted to the owner, but none to the group or other users.

How are privileges managed in Windows?

In Windows, privilege management is easier thanks to its graphical interface. Standard users and administrators can manage permissions directly from the properties of each file or folder.

How to change permissions in Windows?

1. Navigate to the desired folder or file.
2. Right click and select "Properties".
3. Select the "Security" tab.
4. Edit permissions for different users from the "Edit" option.

In this section, you can define read, write and execute permissions, as well as set restrictions to protect data integrity between different system users.

How to prevent users from accessing other people's folders in Windows?

By making sure to properly modify the permissions of each directory, it is possible to prevent unauthorized access to personal folders between users. This procedure helps to maintain the privacy and security of information on shared systems.

What similarities exist with macOS?

macOS shares similarities with Linux when it comes to privilege management as both are Unix-based. Mac users can apply the same terminal commands as in Linux to manipulate file and directory permissions.

As you explore these settings, it is critical that you practice these procedures in a controlled environment. By creating users, assigning groups and manipulating permissions in Linux, you can develop stronger control over operating systems and ensure proper management of resources and information. Keep learning and experimenting to strengthen your privilege management skills!