Genial, esto es nuevo desde la version PHP 8.
De acuerdo a la documentacion:
Enumerations, or “Enums” allow a developer to define a custom type that is limited to one of a discrete number of possible values. That can be especially helpful when defining a domain model, as it enables “making invalid states unrepresentable.”
Enums appear in many languages with a variety of different features. In PHP, Enums are a special kind of object. The Enum itself is a class, and its possible cases are all single-instance objects of that class. That means Enum cases are valid objects and may be used anywhere an object may be used, including type checks.
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