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Punctuation and sentence length

12/16
Recursos

Un signo de puntuación cambia por completo el significado de una oración. Saber utilizar los puntos y las comas marcará la diferencia en cualquier texto que redactes y evitará malos entendidos.

La importancia de la utilización de la coma

Una coma cambia totalmente el significado de una oración. Si no lo crees, evalúa la diferencia entre las siguientes tres oraciones:

  • While the mother was cooking the baby her brother and the dog were sleeping.
  • While the mother was cooking the baby, her brother and the dog were sleeping.
  • While the mother was cooking, the baby, her brother and the dog were sleeping.

La primera oración es difícil de leer y su significado no es comprensible. La segunda oración es un tanto siniestra, mientras que la tercera es la correcta. La utilización de algunas comas dan claridad sobre la situación que se describe.

Las comas son el segundo signo de puntuación más utilizado tanto en el idioma inglés, como en español. Luego del propio o period en inglés. Veamos otro ejemplo:

  • I'll see you at home if you can't come to my office.
  • I'll see you at home, if you can't, come to my office.

¿Cuál crees que es la primera opción para la reunión? ¿La oficina o en la casa? El uso de las comas cambia por completo el punto de reunión entre dos personas.

The Oxford comma

Un tipo especial de coma denominado "Oxford comma" es utilizada en listas para agrupar más de dos elementos en una oración y sugiere la utilización de una coma extra antes del "and" con el último item de la lista. Evalúa las siguientes oraciones:

  • Please meet my parents, Beyoncé and Elon Musk.
  • Please meet my parents, Beyoncé, and Elon Musk.

En la primera oración, nos encontramos invitando a alguien a conocer a nuestros padres, quienes resultan ser Beyonce y Elon Musk; lo cual es un error en la manera en que nos expresamos por razones obvias.

En el segundo ejemplo, estamos invitando a alguien a conocer a nuestros padres, a Beyoncé, y a Elon Musk. A tres personas distintas y sin ningún tipo de relación entre sí.

Si las comas cambian el significado de una oración, una Oxford comma lo cambia trascendentalmente.

¿Cómo utilizar punto y coma?

Utilizar punto y coma es bastante confuso, en español, en inglés o en cualquier idioma. Incluso para hablantes nativos. Suelen utilizarse para conectar dos oraciones con un significado similar, para contrastar ideas o para extensas listas. Veamos varios ejemplos de utilización del punto y coma:

  • I like cooking. But entertaining is the real reason.
  • I like cooking; but entertaining is the real reason.

  • I disagree with your opinion. Although I respect your honesty.
  • I disagree with your opinion; although I respect your honesty.

  • To the party will come my best friend, his wife, and their son; my neighbor, her parents, and their dog; my colleagues, some ex-colleagues, and their partners; and of course everyone else that my wife has invited.

El punto y coma es realmente muy útil para esclarecer información en un texto. Practicar su utilización para encontrar diversos usos y enriquecer tus escritos.

Extensión de las oraciones

Las oraciones extensas pueden ser un problema y de difícil comprensión para el lector. Veamos algunas estadísticas para comprender esto:

  • According to insideGOV.uk, at 14 words, reader understand more than 90%
  • At 43 words, comprehension drops to 10%
  • 11 words = easy to read
  • 21 words = fairly difficult
  • 25 words = difficult
  • 29 and longer = very difficult

A más cantidad de palabras en una oración, la dificultad para comprender el significado disminuye. La correcta utilización de signos de puntuación es clave para lograr textos fácilmente comprensibles por cualquier lector.

Las comas, puntos, o punto y coma, serán un antes y un después para ti como escritor.


Contribución creada por: Kevin Fiorentino (Platzi Contributor).

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  1. Add commas in these sentences:
    Several countries were included in this list such as Canada, Colombia, Mexico, Germany, and Spain.
    In last week’s Economist, one of my favorite magazine there was an article about cryptocurrency and its future.

  2. Add a semicolon in the correct place:
    I do not agree with this idea although; I need to think about it a little more.

  3. Use full stops (periods) to achieve proper sentence length:
    When I was at university, my professor introduced me to the concept of long sentences. I immediately thought about how I have written long sentences my whole life. But the problem was no one had ever told me. That long sentence can be difficult to follow. On the other hand you can add punctuations like full stops to make your sentences shorter.

It was that I imagined with the sentence: > >While the mother was cooking the baby, her brother, and the dog were sleeping.

### **Importance of punctuation** #### **Example: The impact of punctuation** Original sentence (without punctuation):*“While the mother was cooking the baby her brother and the dog were sleeping.”* Revised sentence (with punctuation):*“While the mother was cooking, the baby, her brother, and the dog were sleeping.”* **Note**: Removing or misplacing a comma can completely change the meaning:*“While the mother was cooking the baby, her brother and the dog were sleeping.”*This version suggests something entirely different (and sinister!). #### **Commas: The second most-used punctuation mark** * **Purpose**: Indicates where a phrase or part of a sentence ends. * **Impact**: Misplacing commas can drastically alter meaning. **Example**: * Without commas: *“I’ll see you at home if you can’t come to my office.”* * Preferred location: The office. * With commas: *“I’ll see you at home, if you can’t, come to my office.”* * Preferred location: Home. ### **The Oxford comma: Adding clarity to lists** * **What it is**: A comma placed before the last item in a list. * **Purpose**: Prevents ambiguity in lists. **Example**: 1. Without Oxford comma: *“Please meet my parents, Beyoncé and Elon Musk.”* * Implies Beyoncé and Elon Musk are the speaker’s parents. 2. With Oxford comma: *“Please meet my parents, Beyoncé, and Elon Musk.”* * Clarifies that the speaker is introducing three separate people. ### **The semicolon: Connecting ideas and organizing lists** * **Purpose**: Links related or contrasting ideas; separates items in complex lists. **Examples**: 1. **Connecting related ideas**: * Without: *“I like cooking. But entertaining is the real reason.”* * With: *“I like cooking; but entertaining is the real reason.”* 2. **Connecting contrasting ideas**: * Without: *“I disagree with your opinion. Although I respect your honesty.”* * With: *“I disagree with your opinion; although I respect your honesty.”* 3. **Organizing complex lists**: * *“My best friend, his wife, and their son; my neighbor, her parents, and their dog; my colleagues, some ex-colleagues, and their partners; and, of course, everyone else my wife has invited.”* ### **Sentence length and reader comprehension** #### **Research findings on sentence length:** * **14 words**: Readers understand more than 90% of the content. * **21 words**: Fairly difficult to follow. * **25 words**: Difficult. * **29+ words**: Very difficult to comprehend. * **Optimal**: Keep sentences **11–14 words** long for maximum comprehension. ### **Writing tips for effective sentence structure** 1. **Use punctuation strategically**: * Full stops, commas, Oxford commas, and semicolons help organize thoughts. 2. **Keep sentences concise**: * Shorter sentences are easier to read and understand.
While the mother was cooking , the baby, her brother and the dog were sleeping
I usually run in the mornings and I really love watch people while I am doing it, and it is nice listening to the birds, and enjoy the fresh air. When I go running I take with me a jacket, an extra t-shirt, and socks; also a snack, a soda, and a candy; and of course my airpods.
💀the baby
Several countries were included in this lists such as Canada, Colombia, Mexico, Germany and Spain. In last week´s Economist, one of my favorite magazines there was an article about cryptocurrency and its future. I do not agree with this idea; although I need to think about it a little more. When I was at university, my professor introduced me to the concept of long sentences. I immediately thought about how I have written long sentences my whole time. But the problem was no one had ever tolde me that long sentences can be difficult to follow. On the other hand, you can add punctuations like full stops to make your sentences shorter.

Commas
The oxford comma.
Several countries were included in this list such as, Canada Colombia, Mexico, Germany, and Spain.

Semicolon

I do not agree with this idea; although I need to think about it a little more.

Full stops (period)
When I was at university, my professor introduced me to the concept of long sentences. I immediately thought about how I have written long sentences my whole life. But the problem was no one had ever told me that long sentence can be difficult to follow. On the other hand, you can add
punctuations like fullstops to make your sentences shorter.

WOW!!
I always use a plugin on my browser to correct syntax and orthography of my English, and the corrector always suggest me to use “Oxford comma”. I tried to understand what is the different to use a comma before the “and”, if it is necessary or not. Wonderful this class!

Great explanation about the semicolon!

  • Several countries were included in this list, such as Canada, Colombia, Mexico, Germany, and Spain.
  • In last week’s, Economist, one of my favorite magazines, there was an article about cryptocurrency and its future.
  • I do not agree with this idea; although I need to think about it a little more.
  • When I was at university, my professor introduced me to the concept of long sentences and I immediately thought about how I have written long sentences my whole life. But the problem was no one had ever told me that long sentences can be difficult to follow. On the other hand you can add punctuations like full stops to make your sentences shorter.

-Several countries were included in this list such as Canada, Colombia,
Mexico, Germany, and Spain.
-In last week’s Economist one of my favourite magazines there was an
article about cryptocurrency, and its future.

I do not agree with this idea; although I need to think about it a little more.

  • Several countries were included in this list such as Canada, Colombia, Mexico, Germany, and Spain.
    In last week’s Economist, one of my favourite magazines, there was an article about cryptocurrency and its future.

  • I do not agree with this idea; although I need to think about it a little more.

  • When I was at university, my professor introduced me to the concept of long sentences. I immediately thought about how I have written long sentences my whole life. But the problem was no one had ever told me that long sentence can be difficult to follow. On the other hand you can add punctuations like fullstops to make your sentences shorter.

  • Several countries were included in this list such as Canada, Colombia, Mexico, Germany, and Spain.

  • In last week’s Economist, one of my favourite magazines, there was anarticle about cryptocurrency and its future.

  • I do not agree with this idea; although I need to think about it a little more.

  • When I was at university, my professor introduced me to the concept of long sentences. I immediately thought about how I have written long sentences my whole life, but the problem was no one had ever told me that long sentence can be difficult to follow. On the other hand you can add punctuations like fullstops to make your sentences shorter.