Inglés Intermedio

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Orden de adjetivos y voz pasiva en inglés intermedio

¿Cómo se utiliza la voz pasiva?

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Uso de la Voz Pasiva en Español

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Uso de la Voz Pasiva en Redes Sociales y Comunicación

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Práctica de Conversión a Voz Pasiva en Español

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Uso del Presente Pasivo en Blogs de Viajes

Quiz: ¿Cómo se utiliza la voz pasiva?

¿Cuándo se utilizan las preguntas indirectas?

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Preguntas Indirectas: Cómo Usarlas y Practicarlas

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Uso de Tag Questions en Inglés: Estrategias y Ejemplos Prácticos

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Suposiciones y Sugerencias Negativas en Inglés

Quiz: ¿Cuándo se utilizan las preguntas indirectas?

Sugerencias, inferencias y suposiciones en inglés.

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Cómo Hacer Suposiciones en Inglés Usando Modales

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Sugerencias Negativas y Opciones en Español

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Uso de "Bastante" y "Entre" en el Español Cotidiano

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Uso de "cuyo" y "sobre" en oraciones de relativo y complementarias

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Adjetivos, Sustantivos Abstractos y Gerundios en Español

Quiz: Sugerencias, inferencias y suposiciones en inglés.

¿Cómo puedo formar adjetivos y utilizarlos en oraciones?

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Creación de Adjetivos a partir de Sustantivos y Verbos con Sufijos

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Orden de adjetivos en español: práctica y ejemplos

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Identificación de Sustantivos Abstractos y Concretos

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Uso de Gerundios e Infinitivos en Español

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Superlativos y presente perfecto en español

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Descripción de actividades en destinos turísticos

Quiz: ¿Cómo puedo formar adjetivos y utilizarlos en oraciones?

Consolida tus habilidades

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Autoevaluación del curso

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Adjetivos en Inglés y Preguntas Indirectas: Curso Intermedio

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Cómo Hacer Suposiciones en Inglés Usando Modales

9/22
Recursos

¿Cómo hacer suposiciones efectivas?

Hacer suposiciones es una habilidad que todos empleamos diariamente, ya sea de forma consciente o inconsciente. La capacidad de deducir lo que podría haber ocurrido en una situación dada nos permite gestionar mejor nuestras expectativas y entender posibles resultados. Aprender a hacer suposiciones efectivas no solo enriquece nuestra comprensión del entorno, sino que también potencia nuestra habilidad de comunicación al expresar estas con claridad. Pero, ¿sabes exactamente cómo construir estas suposiciones?

¿Qué elementos podemos usar para crear suposiciones?

Para hacer suposiciones sobre situaciones o eventos, es fundamental utilizar ciertas estructuras gramaticales y vocabulario específico. En inglés, algunas de las expresiones más comunes incluyen:

  • Must have (debe haber)
  • Must not have (no debe haber)
  • May have (puede que haya)
  • May not have (puede que no haya)

Estas expresiones nos ayudan a comunicar nuestras deducciones sobre lo que es probable o posiblemente ocurrió en el pasado. Por ejemplo, podemos decir:

  • "He must not have set his alarm." (No debe haber puesto la alarma)

Este tipo de frases refleja una suposición basada en la evidencia de que es probable que algo haya ocurrido (o no).

¿Cómo diferenciamos entre suposiciones seguras e inseguras?

Entender la diferencia entre el uso de "debe haber" y "puede que haya" es vital. Cuando decimos "debe haber", indicamos que estamos bastante seguros sobre lo que ocurrió. Por otro lado, "puede que haya" sugiere inseguridad o la posibilidad de que algo no haya sucedido.

Por ejemplo:

  • "They must have won the lottery." (Deben haber ganado la lotería) implica una alta certeza basada en la evidencia visual de que están extremadamente felices.

  • "They may not have lost money." (Puede que no hayan perdido dinero) sugiere que estamos considerando la posibilidad, pero no tenemos certeza.

¿Qué ejercicios podemos hacer para mejorar nuestras suposiciones?

Practicar es clave para dominar la habilidad de hacer suposiciones. Puedes:

  1. Analizar Imágenes: Observa una imagen y crea suposiciones sobre lo que pudo haber ocurrido antes de que se tomara.

  2. Escribir Escenarios: Diseña pequeñas historias basadas en eventos hipotéticos y utiliza las estructuras mencionadas para hacer suposiciones sobre los resultados.

  3. Participar en Foros: Comparte tus suposiciones en foros o secciones de comentarios en línea y discute con otros para tener perspectivas diferentes.

Recuerda que mejorar esta habilidad requiere paciencia y práctica. Te invitamos a intentar estos ejercicios con las imágenes disponibles en la sección de recursos del curso. Y si en algún momento tienes preguntas o dudas, no dudes en compartirlas en los comentarios para recibir ayuda. ¡Continúa perfeccionando tus habilidades de comunicación a través de la práctica continua!

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1-He must have fallen and hit his hand. 2-She must have gotten shy from of the camera. 3-He must have bought ones furnitures for his new flat. 4-He can't have won the video game
**Worksheet:** 1. He must have had an accident. 2. She must have been playing a hiding game. 3. He can't have failed the subject. 4. He must have missed sending the file in the email.
* They must have won the lottery. * His boss must have approved his vacation. * They must have received the approbation of their credit house.

1.He must have had an accident. 2.She can’t have seen her son. 3. He must not have slept well last night. 4. He can’t have bought the tickets for the concert.

![](https://static.platzi.com/media/user_upload/image-b8ff23b3-540d-4bd1-8fc1-3786bec02cf6.jpg)
I guess they must have won the lottery or a raffle. They must have been waiting for days to know the results, so they're very excited.
You can watch this video to understand better, the teacher is using "past modals." <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQpM0NVM0CM>
![](https://static.platzi.com/media/user_upload/Screenshot_3-741cf003-410a-4c3b-b7f2-71168d27766b.jpg)
They must have heard good news. He must have passed to the University. They must have received the loan to their new house.
* He must have felt bad when he was on the bus. * She must have forgotten something important. * He must have gotten the job. * She can't have bought the cheapest airline tickets.
I guess he must have won his bet, that could be the cause he was excited and his girlfriend as well.
* 1\. He must have crashed his car * 2\. She can't have been pregnant that time * 3\. He must have approved for a scholarship * 4\. He must have lost the test * * They must have given a big present * They mus have read a good joke
they must have happy cuz win something like a bet.
1. He must have had an accident 2. Her dog must have died 3. He must have won a million dollars 4. He must have made a mistake
* They must have gotten good news. * She must have come across a funny meme. * He can't have put up with something wrong.
* He must have received some great news * She must have won some contest * He must have passed the degree exam * She must have stayed in the new job
📝 Here are my notes about this class. How to create assumptions: > **Can’t/Must (not)** + **have** + verb in past participle Examples: * They **must not have** caught the plane on time. * She **can’t have** received the dress for the party. Differences: **Must not have** 📌 We are sure something happened in the past. **Can not have** 📌 We believe that something was impossible in the past. I hope this comment will be useful 💜
My assumptions about the picture: * They must have received a great news * They must have won a competition online * They must have been watching a match in which their favorite team won the game
He must have had a treatment in his hand She must not have studied for the test He must have passed the final exam He must have gotten a headache
my answers to the worksheet: he must have hurt in a accident she must have done something embarrassing he must have received a great news he must not have seen something good
1. he must have bet one mor time and today he won something 2. he must have won a betplay 3. he can have found a good sale
They can't have believed that something happened. They must have won something. They must have received good news.
Why do you think they are happy? * They must have won the lottery. * They must have bought their dream house.
Making assumptions * He **must not have** set the alarm. * He **must have** forgotten his book. * He **can't have** seen the bus number in time. * They **must not have** caught the plane on time. * She **can't have** received the dress for the party. **Can't / Must (not)** + *have* + verb in past participle **Must not have =** we are sure something happened in the past. **Can't have =** we believe that something was impossible in the past. * * ****
**Practice exercise of class** They must have seen something very exciting on their phones She can't have heard bad news with that happy expression. They must have been waiting for this news for a long time. **Practice exercises of worksheet** Situation 1: He must have hurt his hand in an accident. The paramedic must have given him some medication or first aid. The paramedic can't have arrived too late to help. Situation 2: She must have experienced something very distressing. She can't have received good news with that reaction. She must have been crying or about to cry. Situation 3: He must have achieved something significant on his laptop. He can't have received bad news with such a joyful expression. He must have won an online competition or game. Situation 4: He must have been frustrated with what he saw on the screen. He can't have been successful in his task based on his reaction. He must have been trying to solve a difficult issue.
may be they can't have gotten deported or the must have won golden tickets to Disney
* They must have gotten good news. * They can't have gotten bad news
Picture 1 * His hand can’t have to be right * The man on the left must have be a doctor * The man on the right must have an accident Picture 2 * The girl must have done something embarrassing * She must have seen something very cute Picture 3 * He must have passed an exam * He must have gotten a new job * He can’t have receive bad news Picture 4 * He must have seen a video where some * He must have losed money in wallstreet * He can’t have received good news
**Suposiciones sobre situaciones cotidianas en inglés.** Practice: Why do you think they are happy? \- They must have won the lottery. \- They can’t have lost money. \- They must have received an apartment. \- They must have found out that their friend is pregnant. \- They can’t have paid more debts. Worksheet: Look at the images and make one assumption for each situation. 1\. \_He must have had a horrible experience\_ 2\. \_She must have been shamed to have forgotten where is her car\_ 3\. \_He must not have more reports to do\_ 4\. \_He can’t have had more time to finish her work\_
You can't have been in this city without visit La Troja club; It is a terrific place to dance Salsa or just to spend time with friends. Regarding transportation, you can either take a bus or take a taxi even you can use an app like "Indriver" to get around. If you choose to take a bus you must not have forgotten a GPS or a map with the name of principal neighborhoods in the city.
  1. he must have had an accident

  2. she must have had the new that she is pregnant

  3. he must have won the lottery

  4. she can’t have passed the exam

![](https://static.platzi.com/media/user_upload/image-a1b1180c-f8d8-43a4-958a-d8f216169bf2.jpg)
* They must have won the lottery * He can't have sent an email * She must have told the route of the game, to win * They can't have the approbation of them boss, to gone of vacation
  1. He must have had a car accident. He can’t have been paying attention where he was going.
  2. She can’t have remembered her husband’s birthday. She must have seen a scary movie.
  3. He must have gotten a promotion. He can’t have gone to work.
  4. He can’t have read the email yesterday. He must have erased important information.
He must have fallen when he was going down the stairs. She can't have been pregnant. He must not have been tired, because he was sleeping in the morning. He must have worried for his mom's health.
They must have received good news.
They must have received an promotion in their jobs.

he failed an important exam-he doesnt eat their breakfast and now he feels starving

  1. She must not have received my email because she hasn’t responded yet.
  2. He must not have studied for the exam because he seemed unprepared.

They must have found out about their baby’s gender.
They must have paid their mortgage

Worksheet:

  1. He must have fallen down
  2. She must have gotten shy in front ot the camera
  3. He must have won money making trading
  4. He musn’t have won money making trading / He must have lost money making trading
I guess he lives in Argentina. He's worried about the economic situation. Dollar is going up daily, salaries aren't growing and the government is removing subsidies to services. Maybe his children have to start a new year of school and he doesn't have enough money to pay for their utils and school fees so, he's thinking of moving them to a public school.
1. He must not have seen the car when he was passing across, so probably he ran over by a car. 1. 1\. He can't have eaten well in the morning and he passed out in the street. 2. She must have laugh a lot 1. 2 She must have cried 3. He was doing his test and finally he must have done the best score 1. 3\. He's been playing a game for a long time ago and he can't have lost the final step. 4. He can't have finished his test because his laptot didn't work anymore 1. His girlfriend must have broken up with him over WhatsApp.