Spanning Tree Protocol

What is Spanning Tree Protocol?

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a fundamental protocol that runs at layer 2 of the OSI model and is used in switches. Its main purpose is to guarantee the stability of networks by preventing the occurrence of loops, which can cause a drop in the availability of devices. By using STP, redundant connections in a network are protected against loops, ensuring that failures in the primary links adequately activate the secondary links without interrupting service.

Why is preventing loops crucial for the network?

A loop is generated when, by mistake, a closed circuit is formed in the network, for example, when connecting the same cable from port 1 to port 2 of a switch. These loops can saturate the network with unnecessary traffic, known as broadcast storms, which reduce efficiency and can render the network useless.

• Secure redundancy: With STP, redundant links, which act as a backup in the event of a failure, are effectively managed avoiding these loops.
• Outage avoidance: Enabling protocols such as STP can ensure service continuity even in the face of main connection failures.

How to optimize your network security with STP

STP not only prevents loops, but, in combination with good practices, improves overall network security.

How to reduce port vulnerability

1. Disable inactive ports: Turning off all network ports that are not in use prevents unauthorized connections, either accidentally by ill-informed personnel or intentionally by outsiders.
2. Broadcast traffic management: Limiting broadcast traffic prevents excessive bandwidth usage and reduces the risk of broadcast storms, ensuring optimal network performance.

What else should you keep in mind?

• Consistent use of STP: Ensure that this protocol is active on all switches involved in critical configurations where redundant links are required.
• Network monitoring: Stay informed about the behavior and status of STP and links in your network through appropriate monitoring tools.

Share and learn more about other protocols

Spanning Tree Protocol is just one piece of the puzzle when it comes to network security at layer 2 of the OSI model. If you know of other protocols that also improve security at this layer, please share your experiences and information. Together, we can continue to increase the level of security and availability of our networks - let's keep learning!