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Relative clauses

5/22
Recursos

Una cláusula relativa (relative clauses) es una oración dependiente, es decir, es una parte de una oración que no tiene sentido por sí sola. Son usadas para dar más información sobre el sujeto de la oración y muestra una relación entre ideas.

Pronombres relativos

Los pronombres relativos se utilizan para unir dos oraciones, donde una de estas es una cláusula relativa.

Person Thing Place
Subject who which -
Object who/whom which where
Possessive whose - -

Qué es una cláusula definitoria

Una cláusula definitoria (embedded defining clause) tiene las siguientes características:

  • Usualmente, comienza con un pronombre relativo
  • Se sitúa en la mitad de la oración
  • Define o identifica al sustantivo

Ejemplos usando cláusulas definitorias

  • The man who was looking for you has just gone.
  • The car, which was blocking the way, is no longer there.
  • Julia, despite the rain, went for a walk.

Qué es una cláusula no definitoria

Una cláusula no definitoria (non-defining clause) tiene las siguientes características:

  • Comienza con un pronombre relativo
  • Puede situarse en la mitad o al final de una oración
  • No define, ni identifica al sustantivo

Ejemplos usando cláusulas no definitorias

  • John’s, who lives in Colombia, has three children.
  • My friend John, who also works as a teacher, is traveling to New York.
  • Yesterday, I met a man named Andrés, whose wife works in New York.

Practiquemos el uso de pronombres en cláusulas relativas

Completa la oración con el pronombre relativo correcto.

  1. I’ve just come back from Paris, ____ Andres lives.
  2. I went paragliding, ____ I had never done before.

Respuestas

  1. where
  2. which

Ejercicios de cláusulas relativas

  1. Completa las siguientes oraciones utilizando cláusulas relativas ¡Comparte tu trabajo en la sección de aportes!
  • The man _____ asked for help.
  • The car, _____, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, _____, is traveling to Paris.
  1. Entra en el siguiente enlace y resuelve la actividad.

Contribución creada por Andrés Guano (Platzi Contributor).

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o inicia sesión.

  • The man who is the best lawyer asked for help.
  • The car, which has three wheels, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who is engineer, is traveling to Paris.

she considers me her best friend
my dad bought a new car
I got a raise after two years of work

Where is the apple that I told you to not to eat?

This is the cat which I adopted.

That’s the woman who stole my coat.

1 The man who is sick asked for help
2 the refrigerator could be sold
3 My friend Carmen who is a lawyer traveled to Italy

  • My pet, which is a chihuahua, is very fast.
  • I love the coffee that my mom bought.
  • My sister, with whom I live, knows a lot about nursing.

1She helped me with my homework
2always saw him on my way to work in the morning
3He found her in the bedroom upstairs

1- My friend Federico, who lives in London. is traveling through central america

2- Fabián’s mother, who works at the supermarket. Live in apopa

3- My cousin Kathy, who is studying medicine. Work in a pharmacy

1-Where is your food?
2-which of these is your car?
3-who is outside my house?

my father bought a red car

my friend juan is traveling through ameria

Pepe’s mother has 4 children

  1. My mother will buy me a pair of shoes, which we saw in the
    square.
  2. Tomorrow I will go for a walk with Amanda, who is my
    favorite aunt.
  3. I have two puppies that I love very much.

That’s the woman who stole my coat.

That’s the man that I spoke to last week.

This is the cat which I adopted.

1-Where is the apple that I told you to not to eat?
2-This is the cat which I adopted.
3-The hospital where I was born is being knocked down.

that this is used to join 2 sentences
and there are different types in them, we are talking about 2, one with interesting data and the other with not so relevant data

. I told you about the woman who lives next door.

. Do you see the cat lying on the roof?

.He couldn’t read which surprised me.

The man who is my boss, asked for help.
The car, which I had last year, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who is a singer, is traveling to Paris.

-they don t know where the keys are
-he eats what he likes
-that is why they are happy

These shoes, which I bought last week, are very uncomfortable.

My dog, which is called Pancake, is a vegetarian.

My sister, who lives in New York, is pregnant.

What is the correct?
Andrew and myself will conduct the meeting tomorrow.
Andrew and I will conduct the meeting tomorrow.

-I’ve been told a lot about you.
-My teacher, who has been teaching for 35 years, has gotten sick.
-We love each other very strongly.

This topic talked about two types of pronouns and about what each one was used for

the man who is the best lawyer asked for help
the car which has three wheels has been sold
my friend jess who is engninerr is traveling to paris

The cat hurt itself when it jumped over the fence
I like to see myself in the mirror
my mom burned herself

1-The jewels which she bought are from India.
2-The girl who was dancing at the party is my sister.
3-The soldiers who fought in that battle were very young.

  1. My friend Carlos works as a doctor, but he travels to Mexico
  2. Fran’s dad is a teacher but. travel to colombia
  3. yesterday I met a girl named Kenya, she lived in Spain

1 The man who is sick asked for help
2 the refrigerator could be sold
3 My friend Carmen who is a lawyer traveled to Italy

I can do it myself.
The president himself must put his own house in order.
She makes a living by herself.

Who will come to your party? …
“The woman who is wearing a pink dress ir my mother”. …
“Who is your favorite writer?

Relative clauses:

  • Can be used to join two sentences
    I bought a car that drives itself
  • To give extra information
    My boss, who lives in Seattle, is very nice

Embedded defining clause

  • Usually begins with relative pronouns. The man who was looking for you has just gone
  • Goes in the middle of the sentence. The car, which was blocking the way, is no longer there
  • Defines or identifies the noun. Julia, despite the rain, went for a walk

Non - defining clause

  • Begins with relative pronouns. John’s mother, who lives in Colombia, has three childrens.
  • Can go in the middle or at the end of the sentence. My friend John, who also works as a teacher, is traveling to New York
  • Does not define or identify the noun. Yesterday I met a man named Andrés, whose wife works in New York.

enjoy my christmas alone
The can duck swim by itself
My friend jose , who has a salvadoreña girlfriend, is traveling to honduras .

1-These shoes, which I bought last week, are very uncomfortable.

2-My dog, whose name is Mike, is very sleepy.

3-This is the cat which I adopted.

1-That’s the woman who stole my coat.
2-That’s the man that I spoke to last week.
3-Where is the apple that I told you to not to eat?

She has a cottage which they can use for the weekend. Those are the trains which always break down. The book, which costs 20€, is a bestseller.

1.- The man who just got out asked for help.
2.- The car, which plates finish with number 2, has been sold.
3.- My friend Jess, whose sister is my neighbor, is traveling to Pais.

  • The man, who has a lot of experience, asked for help.

  • The car, which is the latest model, has been sold.

  • My friend Jess, who is architect, is traveling to Paris.

• The man who asked for help • The car, which has been sold • My friends jess, who is traveling to paris

1- The man who is sick asked for help.
2- The refrigerator could be sold.
3- My friend Carme who is a lawyer traveled to Italy.

The man who is the best lawyer asked for help.
The car, which has three wheels, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who is engineer, is traveling to Paris.

  1. The actor who shot the director by accident feels extremely sad.
  2. Martin Luther King Jr., whom many people admire, died in 1968.
  3. My friend Andrés; whose wife works as a teacher at Harvard University, is coming to visit us.
  4. My teacher, who has been teaching for 35 years, has gotten sick.
  5. The building, which was supposed to be fully built by this year, will be demolished.

*The man who is the best lawyer asked for help.
*The car, which has three wheels, has been sold.
*My friend Jess, who is engineer, is traveling to Paris.

-The man who is the best lawyer asked for help
-The car, which has three wheels, has been sold
-My friend Jess, who is enginer, is traveling to Paris

1 The man who is sick asked for help
2 the refrigerator could be sold
3 My friend Carmen who is a lawyer traveled to Italy

The man who carries books asked for help
-The car who is blue has been sold
-My Friend Jess who has two brothers is traveling to paris

On Tuesday I went to the city of Xela near my aunt’s house, where I will be for a week.
the man who asked for help
This is the cat which I adopted.

*The man, who played soccer today with us, asked for help
**The car, which was of my brother, has been sold
***My friend Jess, who is travelling to Paris

The man is a firefighter asked for help.
The car, old has been sold.
My friend Jess, Whose grandmother works in a restaurant, is traveling to paris.

1- The man who is sick asked for help
2- The car which is of your friend, has been sold
3- My friend Geral who is a lawyer traveled to Italy

-the Man Who is the best lawyer asked for help -the car which has three wheels has been sold -my friend jess Who is engineer is traveling yo Paris

the man who is a architect asked for help
the car that had an accident, has been sold
My friend Jees, who is a singer, travels to Paris

The Man who was looking for hoy
The car which was blocking the way
My friend jess who despite the rain is traveling to paris

  • to join two sentences
    I bought a car. That drives itself

  • To give extra information
    My boss who lives in seatttle, is very nice

the man who is the best lawyer asked for help
the cr which has three wheels has been sold
my friends jess who is engineer is travelig to paris

How are defining clauses used? How are non-defining clauses used? How do you use the Union of words in the sentence?
  • The man whose wife was a convict, asked for help
  • The car, that was found in the river, has been sold
  • My friend Jess, who is a kind teacher, is traveling to Paris.

the man who is working with you asked for help.
The car which is of your friend, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who bought your bike, is traveling to Paris.

The man who came yesterday asked for help.
The car, which was in the garage, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who is a famous singer, is traveling to Paris.

The man who i have hit, asked for help.
The car, wich i wanted the last month, has been sold
My friend Jess, who is a prestigious doctor, is traveling to Paris

  • The man who is a homeless , asked for help
  • The car, wich i wanted to buy, has been sold
  • My friend Jess, whose mother recently pass away, is traveling to Paris.

the man who asked for helpthe car
the car that has been sold
my friend jess who is traveling to paris

Practice
.

  • The man, who we met yesterday, asked me for help.
  • The car, which I wanted to buy, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who lives in Mexico, is traveling to Paris.

The car, the amazing car!, which Walter bought for junior, has been sold. Or destroyed?

My sentences:
1. The man, who was lost in the forest, asked for help.
2. The car, that my mom bought 3 months ago, has been sold.
3. My friend Jess, who graduate from Physics, is traveling to Paris

The man, who is unemployed, asked for help.
The car,which was on sale, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who is a teacher, is traveling to Paris.

  • The man who was at the store asked for help
  • The car, which had red color has been sold
  • My friend Jess, whose shirt is green is traveling to paris

The man whose car needs fixes asked for help
The car which i was fixing, has been sold
My friend jess, who is waitress in a famous restaurant, is traveling to paris.

  • The man who is in problems asked for help
  • The car, which belongs to my friend, has been sold.
  • My Friedn Jess, who is a teacher is traveling to paris
  • The man, who does his engineering training asked for help.
  • The car, which was fixed last week has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who was learning French is traveling to Paris.
  • The man who sold the world, asked for help. XD
  • The car, which was a Mercedes, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who bought the Mercedes, is traveling to Paris.

Hi! 👋
.
The man who is a great person asked for help.
The car, which is very old, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who has blue eyes, is traveling to Paris.

  • The man who is near to my house asked for help
  • The car, which has a red color , has been sold.
  • My friend Jess,who was my friend in the school , is traveling to Paris.
  • The man who was involved in the car accident asked for help.
  • The car, which I wanted to buy, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, whose husband died last Summer, is travelling to Paris.

Practice

  • The man, who fall in the rain, asked for help.
  • The car, which has the better brakes, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who work for Platzi, is traveling to Paris.
  • The man who lives next to me asked for help.
  • The car, whose hit me, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who cooks very well, is traveling to Paris.

Practice:

  1. The man, who is there, asked for help.
  2. The car, which I wanted to buy, has been sold.
  3. My friend Jess, who I love, is traveling to Paris.

The man whose seat is over there, asked for help
The car, whose owner are my friend, has been sold
My friend Jess, Who is totally beautyful, is traveling to paris

  • The man, who seemed lost, asked me for help.
  • The car, that you said you like, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who lost her flight last month, is travelling now to Paris.

1, That es my dog that is in the garden.
2. That´s the man who bought bread,
3. She is the girl with whom I spoke on the phone.

  • I’ve just come back from Paris, where Andrés lives
  • I went paragliding, that i had never done before
  • The man, who was in the bathroom
  • The car, wich has a red color, has been sold
  • My friend Jess, who is studying english, is traveling to Paris

Relative clauses 🥬 (uses)

  1. To join two different sentences 🤝.
  • I bought a car. The car drives itself.
  1. To give extra information.

Relative Pronouns ✨

  • Those words that are used to make relative clauses.
  • The relative pronoun refers to the sentence’s pronoun mostly.

Embedded defining clauses 🟢

  • Those starts with relative pronouns.
  • Are extra information added at middle of sentence.
  • They give me important facts.

Examples:

  1. The man who was looking for you has just gone.
  2. The car, which was blocking the way, is no longer there.

Non-defining clauses 🟢

  • They can go at the middle or at the end of relative sentences.
  • They give me unimportant facts.

Examples:

  1. John’s mother, who lives in Colombia, has three children.
  2. Yesterday i met a man named Andrés**, whose wife works in New York.**

Exercises 🔫

  1. The man who didn’t have hands asked for help.
  2. The car, wich had big wheels, has been sold.
  3. My friend Jess, who lived to Colombia, is traveling to Paris.
  • The man, who was screaming, asked for help

  • The car, that was parked right there, has been sold

  • My friend Jess, whom you met last night, is traveling to Paris

:(
  • The man who is homeless asked for help.

  • The car which the windows are broken, has been sold.

  • My friend Jess, who win the race, is traveling to paris.

  • The man, who is around the corner, asked for help.
  • The car, which was not for sale, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who lives in London, is traveling to Paris.

1.- The man, who is in from the street, asked for help.
2.- The car, which I wanted, has been sold.
3.- My friend Jess, who you knew in Atlanta, is traveling to Paris.

  • The man who asked for help
  • The car, which I was looking for, has been sold
  • My friend Jess, who I met the last year, is traveling to Paris

The man who is the enginner____ asked for help.
The car, which had been fixed, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who is a n oil painting artist_, is traveling to Paris.

The man who is clever asked for help.
The car, which is red, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who is twenty one years old, is traveling to Paris.

  • The man who fell out of his bike asked for help
  • The car, which belonged to your grandfather, has been sold
  • My friend Jess, who you met last week, is traveling to Paris

The man whose shirt was burning asked for help.
The car, which I bought ten years ago, has been sold.
My firend Jess, whose birthday is tomorrow, is traveling to Paris.

The man who is the best lawyer asked for help.
The car, which has three wheels, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who is engineer, is traveling to Paris.

  1. I’ve just come back from Paris, where Andres live
  2. I went paragrlinding, where I had never done before
  3. The man who has a pencil in his hand asked for help
  4. The car, which was bluen has been sold
  5. My friend Jess whose is my bestfriend is traveling to Paris
  • The man who has gone to the mountain asked for help
  • The car, which its pink color, has been sold
  • My friend Jess, who belongs alcoholics anonymous,is traveling to paris

👾

  1. The man, who talking with you an hour ago, asked for help.
  2. The car, which you traveled in Argentina, has been sold.
  3. My friend Jess, who is a doctor, is traveling to Paris.
  • The man who is in front of the bank asked for help.
  • The car, which my friend wanted to buy, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who lives in Bogota, is traveling to Paris.
  1. The actor who shot the director by accident feels extremely sad.
  2. Martin Luther King Jr., whom many people admire, died in 1968.
  3. My friend Andrés; whose wife works as a teacher at Harvard
    University, is coming to visit us.
  4. My teacher, who has been teaching for 35 years, has gotten sick.
  5. The building, which was supposed to be fully built by this year, willbe demolished.

The man who I asked for help.
The car which was parked in front of my house, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who studied with me at the university is traveling to Paris.

  • The man who lives on the second floor asked for help.
  • The car, which has a very nice body, has been sold.
  • My friend Jess, who study at same university as you, is traveling to Paris.

The man who is great person asked for help
The car which has used for one month has been sold
My friend Jesus, who is player soccer, is traveling to Paris

The man who is close to the door asked for help.
The car, which is red, has been sold.
My friend Jess, who works in USA, is traveling to Paris.

The man who was in danger asked for help
The car which was for sale has been sold
My friend Jess who used to live in my neighbourhood, is traveling to Paris