Uso correcto de guiones en español

Clase 13 de 22 • Curso de Ortografía y Puntuación en Inglés

Resumen

¿Para qué se utilizan los guiones?

¡Bienvenido a este interesante recorrido por el uso de los guiones! Aunque pueden parecer simples signos de puntuación, su uso correcto es fundamental para la claridad del texto. Los guiones son especialmente importantes cuando queremos unir palabras o conceptos que funcionan juntos. Veamos algunos ejemplos y casos prácticos donde su aplicación es crucial.

¿Cómo se usan los guiones en descripciones?

Cuando queremos describir algo de manera precisa usando varias palabras, a menudo necesitamos unirlas con un guión para formarlas como una sola unidad de significado.

Conceptos compuestos: Por ejemplo, la frase "restaurantes dog-friendly" utiliza un guión para unir las palabras que describen el tipo de restaurantes.
Ejemplares únicos: En "artículos one-of-a-kind", se emplea un guión por la misma razón: indicar que se trata de una sola característica compuesta.
Tecnología avanzada: La expresión "dispositivos de última generación" también requiere guiones.

¿Cuándo se usa un guión con prefijos como "ex" o "self"?

En el caso de prefijos como "ex" o "self", es imprescindible usar un guión para mantener la claridad de la palabra compuesta.

Palabras como ex-president: Siempre debemos unirlas mediante un guión, tal como en ex-president, asegurando que el significado sea claro.
Ejemplos con "self": Palabras como self-sufficient también llevan guión porque reflejan un concepto auto-referencial único.

¿Los números también llevan guiones?

Sí, los números cuando se escriben como palabras también pueden llevar guiones. Es un detalle que a menudo se pasa por alto.

Números entre 21 y 99: Cuando escribes números como "veintiséis" o "setenta y cinco", deben llevar guión en todas sus versiones numéricas compuestas.
Casos prácticos: En una oración como "hay 84 escalones", al escribir "ochenta y cuatro", se debe emplear un guión.

¿Dónde más se usan los guiones?

Además de los casos antes mencionados, los guiones son importantes en estructuras gramaticales relacionadas con tipos específicos de relaciones familiares y compuestos.

Términos familiares: Expresiones como "suegra", "cuñado/a" requieren guiones para indicar la relación específica.
Ejemplo en uso práctico: "Mi suegra" siempre llevará un guión cuando se menciona en español como concepto independiente, similar a "mother-in-law" en inglés.

Anímate a poner en práctica lo aprendido descargando la hoja de trabajo complementaria y verifica tus respuestas para asegurarte de que dominas el arte de los guiones. ¡Continúa explorando y mejorando tus habilidades lingüísticas!

Humberto Guardado

student•

There is a glitch in the exam, at the question that requires to choose among the age of the child.

None of the choices to be selected has the sequence of hyphens that this lecture suggests.

Besides the concept demonstrated in this lecture is in contradiction with other principles about not using hyphens in ages.

I suggest the technical staff have this issue revised in the certification exam.

Julián Cárdenas

student•

Santiago Tellez Hernandez

student•

My brother-in-law recently bought a new car.
Today, children are less-self sufficient than 50 years ago.
There are eighty-four steps on that mountain.
The state-of-the-art design makes the car more efficient The company is using a state of the art program to store information. To improve their reward system, they requested some information from each candidate, and these were the most complete answers:

Sophia She is twenty-eight and lives with her husband and mother-in-law. She enjoys reading self-help books and playing video games.

Martin He is forty-two and lives alone in a beach house. In his free time, he visits eco-friendly shops and shares videos to help promote these businesses.

This new program will be used to give employees benefits that are closer to their interests.

Claudia Nazoa

student•

thanks!!

Julián Cárdenas

student•

Excellents summaies!

Luis Alberto Ramírez Castellanos

student•

Good lecture

Omar Alejandro Martinez Cisneros

student•

???

Julián Cárdenas

student•

hahaha

Humberto Guardado

student•

Co-operate: Trabajar juntos en un esfuerzo común.

Russia and China co-operate in the field of Economics.

Ex-husband: El esposo anterior o anteriormente casado.

Laura's ex-husband is a very successful actor.

Re-enter: Entrar de nuevo en un lugar o situación.

The astronauts were in trouble when they re-entered the armosphere.

Pre-eminent: Sobresaliente o superior en importancia o excelencia.

Learning Theology was a pre-eminent subject during the Middle Ages.

Self-esteem: La confianza y respeto hacia uno mismo.

Modern parents are very much afraid of conditions that can affect their children's self-esteem.

Up-to-date: Actualizado o al día con la información más reciente.

As a teacher I have to stay up-to-date in the field of technology.

Mother-in-law: La madre del cónyuge de una persona.

My mother-in-law is a wonderful cook.

Anti-social: Contrario a las normas y valores sociales.

When I was young, I met some anti-social guys at school.

Post-war: Después de la guerra, especialmente haciendo referencia a períodos de reconstrucción.

Everyone expects a better universal understanding in Ukraine's post-war times.

Co-owner: Una persona que comparte la propiedad de algo con otra u otras personas.

It is very difficult to be the co-owner of a bicycle.

Julián Cárdenas

student•

Claps!

Madison Eduardo Herrera Carrión

student•

Is it correct to say in this way? I am 35-year old Instead of I am 35-years-old.
As well as, is it correct to say? I have a 310-page book or I have a 310-pages-book.

Richard Josbranil López Ortega

student•

Hi Madison.
The correct form is:

I am 35 years old.
I have a 310-page book

Caterina Barbosa

teacher•

In the case of the age: "35-year-old" is a compound adjective and therefore should be hyphenated. But in the case of "a 310-page book", book is a noun and so only 310-page is the compound adjective and should be hyphenated.

Mariana Calmón

student•

The numbers always have hyphens when we write them? I saw once that twenty one and twnty-one are different. Are they really different?

Caterina Barbosa

teacher•

The rule is that numbers from 21 to 99 must have a hyphen. In some cases they are written informally without a hyphen and we understand them but the correct way should always be with a hyphen.

Caterina Barbosa

teacher•

The correct form is twenty-one. The hyphen applies for numbers from 21 to 99.

Luis Class

student•

I write the answers before the teacher shows the answers. My brother-in-law recently bought a new car. Today, children are less self-sufficient than 50 years ago. They are eighty-four steps on that mountain. The state-of-the-art design makes the car more efficient.

Here are the answers of the worksheet exercise.

state-of-the-art
twenty-eight
mother-in-law
self-help
forty-two
eco-friendly

Writing it is a better way to improve.

Gabriel Obregón

student•

++Examples++:

Dog-friendly restaurants are common in the city center (when there are two words describing a noun, like "dog friendly," use hyphens).
One-of-a-kind items are unique treasures (if several words describe a noun, like "one-of-a-kind," hyphenate them all).
State-of-the-art devices are saving lives worldwide (hyphenate words like "state-of-the-art" when they describe a noun).
Ex-presidents' meeting is an annual event (for words like "ex" or "self," hyphenate them with the following word).
My mother-in-law is 56 and lives in Italy (hyphenate words in relationships like "mother-in-law").
Eighty-four steps lead up the mountain (Hyphenate numbers from 21 to 99 when writing them in words). ++In our activity++:
My brother-in-law just got a new car (remember to hyphenate in family relationships).
Children are less self-sufficient now than 50 years ago (hyphenate words like "self" when necessary).
The mountain has eighty-four steps (hyphenate numbers in writing, especially from 21 to 99).
The state-of-the-art design enhances the car's efficiency (for descriptions like "state-of-the-art," use hyphens).

Sofia Ortiz Trujillo

student•

I learned how to drive when I was 15-years-old.
My brother-in-law recently bought a new car.
Today, children are less self-sufficient than 50-years-ago.
There are eighty-four steps on that mountain.
The state-of-the-arte desing maks the car more efficient.

Humberto Guardado

student•

About the glitch: CHAT-GPT made this remark on my question:

(I ASKED) What is correct to say: "I learned to drive when I was 15-years-old", or "I learned to drive when I was 15 years old".?

(ChatGPT ANSWERED) The correct way to say it is: "I learned to drive when I was 15 years old."

You do not need hyphens in this context.

Lisi Leonor Cavagna

student•

I learned how to drive when I was 15 years-old.

My brother-in-law recently bought a new car.

Today, children are less self-sufficient than 50 years ago.

There are eighty-four steps on that mountain.

The state-of-the-art design makes the car more efficient.

Ashley Sánchez Daza

student•

I learned how to drive when I was 15-years-old.
My brother-in-law recently bought a new car.
Today, children are less self-sufficient than 50 years ago.
There are eighty-four steps on thet mountain.
The state-of-the-art desing makes the car more efficient.

Natalia Andrea Rodríguez Rodríguez

student•

I learned how to drive when I was 15-years-old.
My brother-in-law recently bought a new car.
Today, children are less-self sufficient than 50-years ago.
There are eighty-four steps on that mountain.
The state-of-the-art design makes the car more efficient.

Julián Cárdenas

student•

The company is using a state-of-the-art program to store information. To improve their reward system, they requested some information from each candidate, and these were the most complete answers:

Sophia

She is twenty-eight and lives with her husband and mother-in-law. She enjoys reading self-help books and playing video games.

Martin

He is forty-two and lives alone in a beach house. In his free time, he visits eco-friendly shops and shares videos to help promote these businesses.

This new program will be used to give employees benefits that are closer to their interests.

Alejandro Zuñiga Saavedra

student•

Uso del guión en inglés.

Practice:

Where do the hyphens go?

- I learned how to drive when I was 15-years-old.

- My brother-in-law recently bought a new car.

- Today, children are less self-sufficient than 50 years ago.

- There are eighty-four steps on that mountain.

- The state-of-the-art design makes the car more efficient.

Worksheet.

Add the missing hyphens (-) in the correct places.

The company is using a state-of-the-art program to store information. To improve their reward system, they requested some information from each candidate, and these were the most complete answers:

Sophia

She is twenty-eight and lives with her husband and mother-in-law. She enjoys reading self-help books and playing video games.

Martin

He is forty-two and lives alone in a beach house. In his free time, he visits eco-friendly shops and shares videos to help promote these businesses.

This new program will be used to give employees benefits that are closer to their interests.

Platzi Team

student•

The rule for using hyphen is incorrect. Here you are a ```js https://www.proofreadnow.com/blog/when-to-hyphenate-an-age